A brief history and definition of the haiku poetic form, with two haiku of my own for exercise…
Haiku is a Japanese poetic form characterized by sharp imagery and stark, simple language. Each haikai consists of three lines, the first line with five syllables, the second with seven and the third also with five syllables.
Haiku dates to 16th century Japan and was popularized by the poet Basho in the 17th century. These simple poems always deal with nature- from the falling of spring rain to the mating of mosquitoes. The poet Bassho often concerned himself with God, while other poets like Issa examined man.
Because of its brevity, the haiku poetic form often contains powerful images and strong metaphors. The simplicity of Japanese poetry heavily influenced modern Western poetry, starting with Ezra Pound with others, like William Carlos Williams, taking streamlined Western poetry to new levels. Today’s poetry reads more like a conversation while older poems like “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner” have more ornate language. Modern Western poetry owes alot to the little haiku.
What better way to pay homage than to make use of the form?
___________________
Walking in the night
Close one eye and roll the stars
Between your fingers
________________________
Sunset came rippling,
a cool ribbon of twilight,
and embraced the earth
_________________________
Heaven released us
from the day’s heat and kissed us
with purple twilight
_________________________________
January 8th, 2009 at 7:00 am
Nicely done. Thank you for giving us more knowledge on the field many of us are aspiring to conquer.
January 8th, 2009 at 11:06 am
I agree with much of what you say, Stephanie, but I think you’re forgetting a couple of principles: I’ve done my research and … in it’s truest form, haiku represents not just nature, but a season, conveyed through a connection to humanity. Also, to be considered a true haiku there must be a contrast of opposites within the haiku. The japanese use ‘onji’ in their language which is a slightly more specific form of syllable, so, while there is a strict number of onji in japanese, also there should be a strict number of syllables in English. It’s just that, in English, punctuation and coherence of thought are a necessity. That’s what makes writing true haiku so difficult in English,… because Proper grammar and punctuation are still required. Thanks for sharing.
January 8th, 2009 at 2:13 pm
Thanks so much for your input Adam.
This is not an in-depth definition of haiku, since I wanted to be brief.
I did not mention the ‘kigo’, or seasonal references, which are important to classic Japanese haikai (plural haiku).
Kigo are are not always included by modern Japanese writers or non-Japanese writers. Traditionalists consider it a requirement but many poets do leave the kigo out, using the haiku form to investigate other subjects like war, sex, urban life, etc.
I also didn’t write about the kireji or ‘cutting words” that traditionally appear at the end of one
of the verse’s phrases. Kireji doesn’t have an english equivalent.
People write haiku in hundreds of different languages and
there is no consensus about a true or definitive format or even subject matter for international haiku.
I hope that everyone who reads this writes some haiku and posts
them on triond, because they are so much fun.
January 8th, 2009 at 2:13 pm
Thanks so much for your input Adam.
This is not an in-depth definition of haiku, since I wanted to be brief.
I did not mention the ‘kigo’, or seasonal references, which are important to classic Japanese haikai (plural haiku).
Kigo are are not always included by modern Japanese writers or non-Japanese writers. Traditionalists consider it a requirement but many poets do leave the kigo out, using the haiku form to investigate other subjects like war, sex, urban life, etc.
I also didn’t write about the kireji or ‘cutting words” that traditionally appear at the end of one
of the verse’s phrases. Kireji doesn’t have an english equivalent.
People write haiku in hundreds of different languages and
there is no consensus about a true or definitive format or even subject matter for international haiku.
I hope that everyone who reads this writes some haiku and posts
them on triond, because they are so much fun.
January 8th, 2009 at 2:14 pm
Thanks so much for your input Adam.
This is not an in-depth definition of haiku, since I wanted to be brief.
I did not mention the \’kigo\’, or seasonal references, which are important to classic Japanese haikai (plural haiku).
Kigo are are not always included by modern Japanese writers or non-Japanese writers. Traditionalists consider it a requirement but many poets do leave the kigo out, using the haiku form to investigate other subjects like war, sex, urban life, etc.
I also didn’t write about the kireji or ‘cutting words” that traditionally appear at the end of one
of the verse’s phrases. Kireji doesn’t have an english equivalent.
People write haiku in hundreds of different languages and
there is no consensus about a true or definitive format or even subject matter for international haiku.
I hope that everyone who reads this writes some haiku and posts
them on triond, because they are so much fun and a good exercise.
January 8th, 2009 at 2:26 pm
First, I’d like to apologize to the readers because I posted multiple haiku and the website has run them all together so it
looks like all one poem. Yeah. Think I will fix that…
Also thanks so much for your input Adam.
This is not an in-depth definition of haiku, since I wanted to write something brief and introductory.
I did not mention the ‘kigo’, or seasonal references, that are so important to classic Japanese haikai. Kigo are are not always included by modern Japanese writers or non-Japanese writers.
Traditionalists consider it a requirement but many poets do leave the kigo out, using the haiku form to investigate other subjects like war, sex, urban life, etc.
I also didn’t write about the kireji or ‘cutting words” that traditionally appear at the end of one of the verse’s phrases. Kireji doesn’t have an english equivalent and are usually replaced by punctuation.
People write haiku in hundreds of different languages and
there is no true or definitive style or even subject matter for international haiku.
I hope that everyone who reads this writes some haiku and posts
them on triond, because they are so much fun.
January 9th, 2009 at 7:11 pm
I love Haiku – it’s such a great form for the Internet. People can just glance at it and get a decent read without having to spend any time on it,
Thanks . j
January 11th, 2009 at 12:42 am
I am keen on haiku – last year I was fortunate enough to do an online workshop with a very learned man in haiku in Australia. I learned that everything I had written before the workshop was not haiku, it was just small poems pretending to be haiku, and I learned to write, sometimes, good haiku. It was an interesting and difficult month, but I feel I know what I am doing now. I also know that good haiku is nowhere near as simple as it looks!
Good on you Stephanie for telling the general reader a little of the fascinating story of haiku.